平遙古城墻簡介：

　平(ping)(ping)遙(yao)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)始(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)西周(zhou)宣王(wang)時(shi)期（公(gong)元(yuan)前(qian)827—728年(nian)(nian)），《平(ping)(ping)遙(yao)縣(xian)志》記載，西周(zhou)大將(jiang)尹吉甫、嚴允曾駐兵于(yu)此。故(gu)舊(jiu)有夯土城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣，相傳(chuan)為(wei)周(zhou)代將(jiang)領尹吉甫所(suo)筑。明(ming)朝初年(nian)(nian)，為(wei)防(fang)御外(wai)族南(nan)擾，全國各府(fu)、州、縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)按等(deng)級地位普遍建(jian)(jian)(jian)造城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)垣，以憑防(fang)守(shou)，平(ping)(ping)遙(yao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)即建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)其時(shi)。明(ming)洪武三年(nian)(nian)(公(gong)元(yuan)1370年(nian)(nian)) ，出(chu)于(yu)軍事(shi)防(fang)御的(de)需要，在(zai)原西周(zhou)舊(jiu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)基礎(chu)上(shang)擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)今日(ri)的(de)磚石城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)。這(zhe)座(zuo)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，明(ming)、清兩(liang)代500余年(nian)(nian)間，先后修葺26次，清代初期，康熙四十三年(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元(yuan)1703年(nian)(nian)）因皇帝(di)西巡路經平(ping)(ping)遙(yao)，而筑了四面大城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓(lou)。 使城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池(chi)更(geng)加壯觀。現存城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)基本上(shang)還是明(ming)初的(de)形(xing)制(zhi)和構(gou)造。多次的(de)修葺，使平(ping)(ping)遙(yao)古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)日(ri)益堅固、壯觀。

平(ping)遙古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池平(ping)面呈方(fang)形(xing)，略偏東南向(xiang)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)形(xing)制按照“因地制宜，用險制塞”規(gui)劃、 東、西(xi)、北墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)為方(fang)直，南墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)隨(sui)中都(dou)河(he)蜿蜒(yan)而筑。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)周長6157.7米(mi)(12.3華里)，墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)高6－10米(mi)，墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)頂(ding)(ding)寬(kuan)3~6米(mi)，底寬(kuan)9至12米(mi)；墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)外筑護(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壕，深、寬(kuan)各1丈，復掘塹(qian)深闊3丈。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)共有6座，東西(xi)各二，南北各一(yi)。東西(xi)又筑以(yi)甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，以(yi)利防守。甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)就(jiu)是圍在(zai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)外的(de)(de)小(xiao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，或(huo)圓或(huo)方(fang)，平(ping)遙的(de)(de)甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)均為方(fang)形(xing)，高與大城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)同，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頂(ding)(ding)建(jian)戰棚，甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)開(kai)在(zai)側面，以(yi)便在(zai)大城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上從(cong)兩個(ge)(ge)方(fang)向(xiang)抵御來攻之(zhi)敵。甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設內(nei)、外門(men)，平(ping)時檢查(cha)來往過客，有可(ke)疑(yi)時報警即可(ke)關(guan)上兩座門(men)，甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)被(bei)關(guan)之(zhi)敵人(ren)即成“甕(weng)(weng)中捉(zhuo)鱉(bie)”之(zhi)勢，故名之(zhi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外有護(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)環城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)周，河(he)上有大吊橋。各城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)外曾設吊橋，甕(weng)(weng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)上筑重檐歇山頂(ding)(ding)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)樓；四周各有角樓一(yi)座；四面墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)體(ti)，每隔(ge)60米(mi)，筑觀(guan)(guan)敵樓一(yi)座，整個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)上共有72座觀(guan)(guan)敵樓。環城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)而行(xing)，每隔(ge)一(yi)段距(ju)離(li)，筑有一(yi)個(ge)(ge)凸出的(de)(de)馬(ma)面，供了望和側射火力之(zhi)用，馬(ma)面上建(jian)有敵樓，共計72個(ge)(ge)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)頂(ding)(ding)面用磚墁鋪(pu)滿，內(nei)筑女兒(er)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，外筑垛口，共計三千個(ge)(ge)。傳說，這城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)上的(de)(de)垛口3000個(ge)(ge)和觀(guan)(guan)敵樓72處，象征著孔夫子的(de)(de)弟子3000人(ren)、賢人(ren)72人(ren)。軍(jun)事用途(tu)的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)配(pei)以(yi)文道(dao)之(zhi)喻(yu)意，文武相襯，獨成一(yi)趣。

　　整座古(gu)城墻，垛堞綿延，樓(lou)(lou)櫓聳峙。奎星樓(lou)(lou)、點(dian)將臺、文昌閣(ge)點(dian)綴其(qi)上(shang)，以“龜城”享譽古(gu)今。每座城門均為重門甕(weng)城，頂建(jian)重檐木構城樓(lou)(lou)，城墻四隅(yu)筑有(you)角樓(lou)(lou)。被中外專家(jia)、學者稱為“華(hua)北第一城”。現(xian)為國(guo)家(jia)級重點(dian)文物保護單位(wei)。

交(jiao)通(tong)線路：位(wei)(wei)于平遙縣城(cheng)中(zhong)心位(wei)(wei)置，出(chu)火車站就有很(hen)多(duo)人力車，10分(fen)鐘即可到達(da)平遙古城(cheng)。